You just found out that you are expecting a baby – a moment filled with joy and anticipation. But suddenly, questions arise that you may never have thought about before: What about our sexual health? Are we both really healthy? The good news is that with the right knowledge and a few simple steps, you can optimally protect yourselves and your baby.

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Why STI Tests are Essential During Pregnancy

Many couples assume that everything is fine with them – especially if they have been together for a long time. However, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) often present no symptoms at all. STI testing is recommended when planning a pregnancy to rule out undetected infections. What many do not know is that untreated infections can have serious consequences during pregnancy.

Sexually transmitted diseases can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, leading to miscarriages, premature births, and even the death of the newborn. That sounds alarming – but that’s exactly why prevention is so important. The good news is that most STIs are treatable if detected in time.

What Tests Are Included in Pregnancy Care?

In Switzerland, certain STI tests are part of standard pregnancy care. These include:

  • HIV Test: Offered routinely to prevent transmission to the baby
  • Syphilis Test: Testing for syphilis is part of pregnancy care, as this infection can be particularly dangerous for the unborn child
  • Hepatitis B: Screening to protect the newborn
  • Chlamydia: Often done on request or with risk factors

Talk to your doctor about which tests make sense for you. Some infections may also arise later in the pregnancy, especially if new partners are involved or uncertainties exist.

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Condoms and Safer Sex: Protection During Pregnancy

Many couples ask themselves: Do we still need condoms? The answer depends on your individual situation. If infection status is unclear, using condoms throughout the pregnancy is the safest option. This is especially true if:

  • Neither of you has had recent STI tests
  • One of you has had multiple or new sexual partners
  • There are uncertainties about health status
  • One partner has tested positive for a treatable STI (until successful treatment)

Condoms not only protect against new infections but also against reinfection. If, for example, one of you has been treated for chlamydia, unprotected sex can transmit the infection again – a ping-pong effect that you should avoid.

Practical Tips for Safer Sex During Pregnancy

  • Use condoms consistently during vaginal and anal intercourse
  • Check the expiration date and proper storage
  • Use water-based lubricants (not oil-based, as this can damage latex)
  • Change condoms when switching from anal to vaginal sex
  • Talk openly with your partner about your needs and concerns
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Oral Sex During Pregnancy: What You Should Know

Oral sex is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but there are some important precautions. The biggest risk is that STIs can also be transmitted through oral sex – including herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis.

Risks and How to Minimize Them

Herpes simplex: Oral herpes (HSV-1) can be transmitted to the genitals and vice versa. Avoid oral sex completely if either of you has active herpes lesions – whether on the mouth or in the genital area. A genital herpes infection shortly before birth can be dangerous for the baby.

Other STIs: Gonorrhea and chlamydia can be transmitted through oral sex, often without you noticing. Again, condoms or dental dams provide protection.

Important Precaution: During cunnilingus, never blow air into the vagina. In extremely rare cases, this can lead to an air embolism – a potentially life-threatening complication.

  • Use condoms during fellatio
  • Utilize dental dams or cut condoms during cunnilingus
  • Avoid oral sex when visible wounds, rashes, or lesions are present
  • Maintain good oral hygiene (but don’t brush your teeth right beforehand to avoid gum bleeding)
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The Conversation with Your Doctor: Open and Without Shame

Many couples feel uncomfortable discussing sexual health – especially with the doctor. But exactly this openness can be crucial for your health and that of your baby. Doctors are trained to conduct these conversations professionally and without judgment.

How to Prepare for the Conversation

Before your appointment, take notes on the following points:

  • Your sexual history (previous partners, known infections)
  • Current symptoms, even if they seem insignificant (itching, unusual discharge, burning)
  • Questions about specific tests or concerns
  • Information about your partner (have they been tested? Are there risk factors?)

You can also ask your partner to be present during the discussion. Many doctors welcome it when both partners are informed and involved. If you feel uncomfortable with your current doctor, it’s perfectly okay to seek a second opinion or switch practices.

Important Questions to Ask

  • What STI tests do you recommend in my case?
  • When should these tests be conducted?
  • What happens if a test comes back positive?
  • How can we best protect ourselves during pregnancy?
  • Are there symptoms we should pay special attention to?
  • Should my partner also be tested?
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Long-term Sexual Health: A Gift for Your Family

Sexual health does not end with the birth of your baby. The habits you establish now – open communication, regular check-ups, safer sexual practices – will benefit you even after pregnancy.

Practical Steps for Your Sexual Health

  • Regular Testing: Even after birth, you should both get tested regularly, especially if new risk factors arise
  • Open Communication: Talk to each other about concerns, changes, and needs – even if it feels uncomfortable at first
  • Joint Responsibility: Sexual health is not an individual task; it is something you are both responsible for
  • Stay Informed: New research and recommendations are constantly evolving
  • Holistic Health: Sexual health is part of your overall health – diet, exercise, and stress management all play a role

Remember: You are not only creating a new life but also laying the foundation for a healthy, trusting relationship. Investing in your sexual health is an investment in your shared future as a family.

You are not alone on this journey. Millions of couples face the same questions and uncertainties. With the right information, an open heart, and the willingness to advocate for your health, you can enjoy this special time safely and fulfillingly. Your baby will be born into a world where health, openness, and mutual care are a given – and that is the greatest gift you can give them.